Measurements of molecular hyperpolarizabilities for ethylene , butadiene , hexatriene , and benzene
نویسنده
چکیده
We report measurements of third-order nonlinear electric polarizabilities (hyperpolarizabilities) for ethylene, 1,3-butadiene, 1,3, 5-hexatriene and benzene molecules in the gas phase using dc electric-field induced optical second-harmonic generation. 1,2 The hyperpolarizabilities of conjugated molecules have been of interest for some time. 3-6 Because of the delocalized 7T electrons these hyperpolarizabilities are quite large, and increase faster than the size of the molecule. Recent theoretical work710 makes these measurements timely. We were also intrigued to investigate three of these molecules, ethylene, butadiene, and hexatriene, for which there is evidence that the third-order hyperpolarizability might be negative. 9-11
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